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• What is penile cancer

What is penile cancer

Cancer of the penis is very rare in the Western world; it is most often diagnosed in men over the age of 60 years, though can occur in younger men too. There are about 400 cases in the UK every year.

It is usually a slow growing cancer and if caught early, before spreading further the chances of survival are high. Cancer can develop anywhere in the penis, but the most common places are under the foreskin and on the head (the glans).

The exact cause of penile cancer is not known - however:

• Infection with a type of virus that causes penile warts, HPV (human papilloma virus) also increases the risk of cancer of the penis. Practicing safe sex is therefore thought to reduce the risk.
• Skin diseases that are associated with cancer of the penis include Lichen Planus, Lichen Sclerosus (also known as Balanitis xerotica obliterans) and the precancerous conditions Bowen's Disease and Erythroplasia of Queyrat (collectively called "Carcinoma-in-Situ"). If left untreated these could lead to cancer, so it is important to see your doctor and receive the necessary treatment.
• It is much less common in men who have been circumcised soon after birth. This is because men who have not been circumcised may find it more difficult to pull back the foreskin enough to clean thoroughly underneath.
• Your risk of developing cancer of the penis is greater if you smoke or you have a weakened immune system.

As with all cancers a healthy balanced diet, regular exercise and adequate sunshine are important.